Leadership (vs Management) Part 1

Leading and managing are not necessarily synonyms. Some leaders can manage, but the converse is not as common. This is part 1 of a series on leading and managing.
This is a set of competencies identified by Boyatzis (1982). through critical incident research.

Efficiency orientation

Focusing on objectives, tasks and achievements. Setting challenging goals and supporting appropriate planning. Facilitating overcoming of obstacles. Encouraging people to act in this way.

Concern with impact

Demonstrating a significant interest in power and its symbols. Use of power-oriented behavior such as using various methods of influence, seeking positions of power, etc.

Proactivity

Showing a strong belief in individual self-control and self-driven action. Acting without waiting for full agreement or authorization. Taking responsibility for actions. Acting to dissuade defensive and risk-averse behavior. 

Self-confidence

Showing belief in self, values and ideas. Able to talk decisively and take confident and decisive action. Communicating this self-confidence to others and hence instilling confidence in them.

Oral presentation skill

Able to speak well, using effective language, modes of speech and body language. Uses effective symbolism and metaphor in words and actions. Appropriate use of visual aids.

Conceptualization

Uses inductive reasoning to identify patterns and relationships. Able to create models and symbols to communicate these concepts. Uses synthetic and creative thinking to develop further ideas and solutions.

Diagnostic use of concepts

Able to use deductive reasoning to convert models and ideas into specific instances and possibilities. Concepts are turned into practical and useful tools.

Use of socialized power

Developing networks and hierarchies of people and mobilizing them to to achieve specific ends. Acts as a person in the middle to resolve conflicts and bring people together. 

Managing group processes

Building the identity of groups and people in them. Building common goals and objectives. Developing group roles. Creating ways of working together and facilitating teamwork.




Historia est vitae magistra 
History is the tutor of life

T


Boyatzis, R.E. (1982). The Competent Manager, NY: Wiley

Thinking About What Is Not There (Creativity 101)

Think about what you are thinking about, and then think about what you are not thinking about.

When you are looking at something (or otherwise sensing), notice what is not there.

Watch people and notice what they do not do.

Make lists of things to remember that you normally forget.

In other words, deliberately and carefully think about what is not there.

 

An artist draws the spaces between things.

A market manager for a furniture wonders about product areas where customers have made no comment. She watches them using tables and notes that they leave the tables out when not using them. She invents a table that can be easily be folded and stored.

The psychology of thought is such that we are very good at seeing what is there, but not at all good at seeing what is not there. Thinking about what is not there compensates for this by deliberately forcing us to do what we do not naturally do.

 Ab amicis honesta petamus
"One should only ask from a friend what he is capable of." 

*T

Suicide rates vary widely from country to country

The motivating factors of suicide seem to be moving targets. It varies by age, race, gender, mental status, socioeconomical situations, number of friends, closeness to family, biology, and the list could go on and on. Determining what accounts for the variance in suicide rates between countries seems to be just as elusive as determining why they happen at all.

Some of the conclusions drawn from the research based on the discussion question are quite interesting, and some are mind-numbing at best.

Comer (2013) states that his book uses more ink on the subject of suicide based on a sociocultural model than any other particular subject he writes about. The textbook gives broad coverage to the subject, but seems to lack substantial depth.

One of the most interesting factors discovered while researching this topic was how age varies based on the economical development of the country (Girard, 1993). The suicide rates in men, in just about every country examined, increases with age. However, the fascinating issue in this area is the correlation of the age of the women and economic development. In wealthy nations, suicide rates among women peak in middle age. When looking at the poorer nations, suicide rates were higher for the elderly women. The most interesting fact came from the poorest nations. Among these nations you can find that the peak years of suicide shifts to the younger women. I had assumed, prior to reading that there would be a strong negative correlation, but it turned out quite different.

In another interesting finding Lester (1987) hypothesized about a biological correlation relating a cultures tendency toward suicide. He suggested, based on his research, that the higher the number of people having Type O correlated to lower suicide rates.

Finally, there seems to be some very interesting information regarding suicide, but the downside is that there is anything to write about in the first place.

The common thread that seems to run throughout the pages that discuss suicide, and throughout the lives ended by suicide, appears to be connected to hope. It is sad that the only option some people believe they have when hope seems lost is suicide. They need to know the love of God, and understand that God, “Now to Him Who, by (in consequence of) the [action of His] power that is at work within us, is able to [carry out His purpose and] do superabundantly, far over and above all that we [dare] ask or think [infinitely beyond our highest prayers, desires, thoughts, hopes, or dreams]” (Ephesians 3:20, AMP).

The Prophet Isaiah confirms this as well, “You will guard him and keep him in perfect and constant peace whose mind [both its inclination and its character] is stayed on You, because he commits himself to You, leans on You, and hopes confidently in You.

So trust in the Lord (commit yourself to Him, lean on Him, hope confidently in Him) forever; for the Lord God is an everlasting Rock [the Rock of Ages]” (Isaiah 26:3-4, AMP).

Could life ever be so tough for you that suicide might be considered an option?

  

References 

Comer, R. J. (2013). Abnormal Psychology (8th Edition). New York: Worth Publishers.

Girard C. Age, gender, and suicide. American Sociological Review, 58: 553-574, 1993.

Lester D. National distribution of blood groups, personal violence (suicide and homicide), and national character. Personality & Individual Differences, 8: 575-576, 1987.